Recent global advancements in plant protection technology emphasize the integration of digital technologies and biotechnology to promote sustainable agricultural development. Precision agriculture plays a key role, with drones and remote sensing systems allowing real-time monitoring of crop health, pest presence, and water stress. Internet of Things (IoT) sensors are widely used in the field to gather detailed environmental data, such as soil moisture, temperature, light intensity, and pest activity, enabling farmers to make more accurate and timely decisions. Artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics are also being applied to predict the timing and location of pest or disease outbreaks, which improves the efficiency of pest control measures and reduces the overuse of chemical pesticides. Biological control technologies are gaining popularity, utilizing natural predators like parasitic wasps, beneficial fungi such as Beauveria bassiana, and microbial pesticides including Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Photorhabdus luminescens. RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a cutting-edge technique that can precisely target and silence specific genes in pests or pathogens, offering a highly selective method of control with minimal impact on non-target organisms and the environment. In parallel, gene editing tools like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to develop crop varieties with built-in resistance to pests and diseases, significantly lowering reliance on chemical treatments. Nanotechnology is also playing an increasingly important role, with nano-pesticides designed to enhance the delivery and absorption of active ingredients while reducing environmental residues. Additionally, nano-sensors are being developed to detect plant pathogens quickly and accurately, enabling earlier and more effective interventions. Another emerging trend is the development of smart pesticide formulations and controlled-release systems that respond to specific environmental triggers, such as changes in pH or humidity, to release pesticides only when needed. These innovations collectively represent a significant shift toward more intelligent, efficient, and environmentally responsible approaches to plant protection, helping to ensure global food security in the face of climate change, labor shortage, and increasing ecological challenges.