Taiwan possesses strong potential and advantages in the aquaculture technology industry. It has developed comprehensive aquaculture industry technologies in areas such as the development of new species, seedling cultivation, breeding and production, aquaculture management techniques, feed production, and marketing systems, all of which hold significant positions in the international market. Aquaculture in Taiwan has prospered, maintaining a high level of competitive advantage in aquaculture technology. Species such as grouper and barramundi are susceptible to attacks by nervous necrosis virus (NNV) and iridovirus. Globally, over 120 species of fish are susceptible to NNV infection, while iridovirus can infect over 40 fish species, causing significant harm. Technological advancements in this field include the development of specific inhibition of NNV and GIV using small interfering RNA molecules targeting viral shell proteins. Another technology involves nucleic acid encapsulation systems, utilizing lipid vesicles to protect nucleic acids, ensuring their efficient delivery to the fish's intestines, thereby enhancing effectiveness and ease of administration, representing a groundbreaking innovation.
In recent years, male prawn juveniles have garnered attention in the aquaculture industry as an innovative technology. This method not only improves the production efficiency of freshwater giant prawn aquaculture but also provides new prospects for sustainable aquaculture. Neo-female prawn refers to the use of biotechnological methods during cultivation to induce the transformation of prawn into males. This technology selects healthy and high-quality juveniles through the production of first-stage juveniles. Generally, male prawn account for about 35% of freshwater giant prawn populations. Male prawn are favored by aquaculturists because they grow faster and have higher value. Establishing neo-female prawn to produce more male prawn juveniles can effectively increase the output of freshwater giant prawn industry, reduce competition, and minimize environmental impact.